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  • +45 32 70 99 90
  • CySA+ CompTIA Cybersecurity Analyst

    Duration
    5 Dage
    Delivery
    (Online Og På stedet)
    Price
    Pris på forespørgsel

    This CompTIA Cybersecurity Analyst (CySA+) training course will prepare you to successfully achieve this in-demand certification with hands-on, scenario-based training so you’ll be ready to meet advanced persistent threats (APTs).

     

    This is an intermediate certification that is part of the CompTIA certification pathway, fitting in between the Network+ & CASP certifications. Achieving this certification validates that you have the skills as a cybersecurity analyst, that you can take an analytical approach to cybersecurity, and have the knowledge of network security tools and techniques to combat threats.

     

    Associated Certification:

    • Exam Codes: CS0-002 & CS0-003
    • Prepare for and pass the Cybersecurity Analyst (CySA+) exam
    • Threat and Vulnerability Management
    • Software and Systems Security
    • Security Operations and Monitoring
    • Incident Response
    • Compliance and Assessment

    1.0 Threat and Vulnerability Management

    1.1 Explain the importance of threat data and intelligence.

    Intelligence sources

    • Open-source intelligence
    • Proprietary/closed-source intelligence
    • Timeliness
    • Relevancy
    • Accuracy

    Indicator management

    • Structured Threat Information eXpression (STIX)
    • Trusted Automated eXchange of Indicator Information (TAXII)
    • OpenIoC

    Threat classification

    • Known threat vs. unknown threat
    • Zero-day
    • Advanced persistent threat

    Threat actors

    • Nation-state
    • Hacktivist
    • Organised crime
    • Insider threat
    • Intentional
    • Unintentional

    Intelligence cycle

    • Requirements
    • Collection
    • Analysis
    • Dissemination
    • Feedback

    Commodity malware
    Information sharing and analysis communities

    • Healthcare
    • Financial
    • Aviation
    • Government
    • Critical infrastructure

    1.2 Given a scenario, utilise threat intelligence to support organisational security.

    Attack frameworks

    • MITRE ATT&CK
    • The Diamond Model of Intrusion Analysis
    • Kill chain

    Threat research

    • Reputational
    • Behavioral
    • Indicator of compromise (IoC)
    • Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS)

    Threat modelling methodologies

    • Adversary capability
    • Total attack surface
    • Attack vector
    • Impact
    • Liklihood

    Threat intelligence sharing with supported functions

    • Incident response
    • Vulnerability management
    • Risk management
    • Security engineering
    • Detection and monitoring

    1.3 Given a scenario, perform vulnerability management activities.

    Vulnerability identification

    • Asset criticality
    • Active vs. passive scanning
    • Mapping/enumeration

    Validation

    • True positive
    • False positive – True negative
    • False negative

    Remediation/mitigation

    • Configuration baseline
    • Patching
    • Hardening
    • Compensating controls
    • Risk acceptance
    • Verification of mitigation

    Scanning parameters and criteria

    • Risks associated with scanning activities
    • Vulnerability feed
    • Scope
    • Credentialed vs. non-credentialed
    • Server-based vs. agent-based
    • Internal vs. external
    • Special considerations
    • Types of data
    • Technical constraints
    • Workflow
    • Sensitivity levels
    • Regulatory requirements
    • Segmentation
    • Intrusion prevention system (IPS), intrusion detection system (IDS), and firewall settings

    Inhibitors to remediation

    • Memorandum of understanding (MOU)
    • Service-level agreement (SLA)
    • Organisational governance
    • Business process interruption
    • Degrading functionality
    • Legacy systems

    1.4 Given a scenario, analyse the output from common vulnerability assessment tools.

    Web application scanner

    • OWASP Zed Attack Proxy (ZAP)
    • Burp suite
    • Nikto
    • Arachni

    Infrastructure vulnerability scanner

    • Nessus
    • OpenVAS
    • Qualys

    Software assessment tools and techniques

    • Static analysis
    • Dynamic analysis
    • Reverse engineering
    • Fuzzing

    Enumeration

    • Nmap
    • hping
    • Active vs. passive
    • Responder

    Wireless assessment tools

    • Aircrack-ng
    • Reaver
    • oclHashcat

    Cloud Infrastructure assessment tools

    • ScoutSuite
    • Prowler
    • Pacu

    1.5 Explain the threats and vulnerabilities associated with specialised technology.

    Mobile

    Internet of Things (IoT)

    Embedded

    Real-time operating system (RTOS)

    System-on-Chip (SoC)

    Field programmable gate array (FPGA)

    Physical access control

    Busiling automation systems

    Vehicles and drones

    • CAN bus

    Workflow and process automation systems

    Industrial control system

    Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA)

    • Modbus

    1.6 Explain the threats and vulnerabilities associated with operating in the cloud.

    Cloud service models

    • Software as a Service (SaaS)
    • Platform as a Service (PaaS)
    • Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

    Cloud deployment models

    • Public
    • Private
    • Community
    • Hybrid

    Function as a Service (FaaS)/ serverless architecture

    Infrastructure as code (IaC)

    Insecure application programming interface (API)

    Improper key management

    Unprotected storage

    Logging and monitoring

    • Insufficient logging and monitoring
    • Inability to access

    1.7 Given a scenario, implement controls to mitigate attacks and software vulnerabilities.

    Attack types

    • Extensible markup language (XML) attack
    • Structured query language (SQL) injection
    • Overflow attack
      • Buffer
      • Integer
      • Heap
    • Remote code execution
    • Directory traversal
    • Privilege escalation
    • Password spraying
    • Credential stuffing
    • Impersonation
    • Man-in-the-middle attack
    • Session hijacking
    • Rootkit
    • Cross-site scripting
      • Reflected
      • Persistent
      • Document object model (DOM)

    Vulnerabilities

    • Improper error handling
    • Dereferencing
    • Insecure object reference
    • Race condition
    • Broken authentication
    • Sensitive data exposure
    • Insecure components – Insufficient logging and monitoring – Weak or default configurations – Use of insecure functions – strcpy

    2.0 Software and Systems Security

    2.1 Given a scenario, apply security solutions for infrastructure management.

    • Cloud vs. on-premises
    • Asset management
      • Asset tagging
    • Segmentation
      • Physical
      • Virtual
      • Jumpbox
      • System isolation
      • Air gap
    • Network architecture
      • Physical
      • Software-define
      • Virtual private cloud (VPC)
      • Virtual private network (VPN)
      • Serverless
    • Change management
    • Virtualisation
      • Virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI)
    • Containerization
    • Identity and access management
      • Privilege management
      • Multifactor authentication (MFA)
      • Single sign-on (SSO)
      • Federation
      • Role-based
      • Attribute-based
      • Mandatory
      • Manual review
    • Cloud access security broker (CASB)
    • Honeypot
    • Monitoring and logging
    • Encryption
    • Certificate management
    • Active defence

    2.2 Explain software assurance best practises.

    • Platforms
      • Mobile
      • Web application
      • Client/server
      • Embedded
      • System-on-chip (SoC)
      • Firmware
    • Software development life cycle (SDLC) integration
    • DevSecOps
    • Software assessment methods
      • User acceptance testing
      • Stress test application
      • Security regression testing
      • Code review
    • Secure coding best practises
      • Input validation
      • Output encoding
      • Session management
      • Authentication
      • Data protection
      • Parameterized queries
    • Static analysis tools
    • Dynamic analysis tools
    • Formal methods for verification of critical software
    • Service-oriented architecture
      • Security Assertions Markup Language (SAML)
      • Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP)
      • Representational State Transfer (REST)
      • Microservices

    2.3 Explain hardware assurance best practises.

    • Hardware root of trust
      • Trusted platform module (TPM)
      • Hardware security module (HSM)
    • eFuse
    • Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI)
    • Trusted foundry
    • Secure processing
      • Trusted execution
      • Secure enclave
      • Processor security extensions
      • Atomic execution
    • Anti-tamper
    • Self-encrypting drive
    • Trusted firmware updates
    • Measured boot and attestation
    • Bus encryption

    3.0 Security Operations and Monitoring

    3.1 Given a scenario, analyse data as part of security monitoring activities

    • Heuristics
    • Trend analysis
    • Endpoint
      • Malware
      • Reverse engineering
      • Memory
      • System and application behaviour
      • Known-good behaviour
      • Anomalous behaviour
      • Exploit techniques
      • File system
      • User and entity behaviour analytics (UEBA)
    • Network
      • Uniform Resource Locator (URL) and domain name system (DNS) analysis
      • Domain generation algorithm
      • Flow analysis
      • Packet and protocol analysis
      • Malware
    • Log review
      • Event logs
      • Syslog
      • Firewall logs
      • Web application firewall (WAF)
      • Proxy
      • Intrusion detection system (IDS)/ Intrusion prevention system (IPS)
    • Impact analysis
      • Organisation impact vs. localised impact
      • Immediate vs. total
    • Security information and event management (SIEM) review
      • Rule writing
      • Known-bad Internet protocol (IP)
      • Dashboard
    • Query writing
      • String search
      • Script
      • Piping
    • E-mail analysis
      • Malicious payload
      • Domain Keys Identified Mail (DKIM)
      • Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting, and Conformance (DMARC)
      • Sender Policy Framework (SPF)
      • Phishing
      • Forwarding
      • Digital signature
      • E-mail signature block
      • Embedded links
      • Impersonation
      • Header

    3.2 Given a scenario, implement configuration changes to existing controls to improve security.

    • Permissions
    • Whitelisting
    • Blacklisting
    • Firewall
    • Intrusion prevention system (IPS) rules
    • Data loss prevention (DLP)
    • Endpoint detection and response (EDR)
    • Network access control (NAC)
    • Sinkholing
    • Malware signatures
      • Development/rule writing
    • Sandboxing
    • Port security

    3.3 Explain the importance of proactive threat hunting

    • Establishing a hypothesis
    • Profiling threat actors and activities
    • Threat hunting tactics
      • Executable process analysis
    • Reducing the attack surface area
    • Bundling critical assets
    • Attack vectors
    • Integrated intelligence
    • Improving detection capabilities

    3.4 Compare and contrast automation concepts and technologies.

    • Workflow orchestration
      • Security Orchestration, Automation, and Response (SOAR)
    • Scripting
    • Application programming interface (API) integration
    • Automated malware signature creation
    • Data enrichment
    • Threat feed combination
    • Machine learning
    • Use of automation protocols and standards
      • Security Content Automation Protocol (SCAP)
    • Continuous integration
    • Continuous deployment/delivery

    4.0 Incident Response

    4.1 Explain the importance of the incident response process.

    • Communication plan
      • Limiting communication to trusted parties
      • Disclosing based on regulatory/ legislative requirements
      • Preventing inadvertent release of information
      • Using a secure method of communication
      • Reporting requirements
    • Response coordination with relevant entities
      • Legal Human resources
      • Public relations
      • Internal and external
      • Law enforcement
      • Senior leadership
      • Regulatory bodies
    • Factors contributing to data criticality
      • Personally identifiable information (PII)
      • Personal health information (PHI)
      • Sensitive personal information (SPI)
      • High value asset
      • Financial information
      • Intellectual property
      • Corporate information

    4.2 Given a scenario, apply the appropriate incident response procedure.

    • Preparation
      • Training
      • Testing
      • Documentation of procedures
    • Detection and analysis
      • Characteristics contributing to severity level classification
      • Downtime
      • Recovery time
      • Data integrity
      • Economic
      • System process criticality
      • Reverse engineering
      • Data correlation
    • Containment
      • Segmentation
      • Isolation
    • Eradication and recovery
      • Vulnerability mitigation
      • Sanitization
      • Reconstruction/reimaging
      • Secure disposal
      • Patching
      • Restoration of permissions
      • Reconstitution of resources
      • Restoration of capabilities and services
      • Verification of logging/ communication to security monitoring
    • Post-incident activities
      • Evidence retention
      • Lessons learned report
      • Change control process
      • Incident response plan update
      • Incident summary report
      • IoC generation
      • Monitoring

    4.3 Given an incident, analyse potential indicators of compromise.

    • Network-related
      • Bandwidth consumption
      • Beaconing
      • Irregular peer-to-peer communication
      • Rogue device on the network
      • Scan/sweep
      • Unusual traffic spike
      • Common protocol over non-standard port
    • Host-related
      • Processor consumption
      • Memory consumption
      • Drive capacity consumption
      • Unauthorised software
      • Malicious process
      • Unauthorised change
      • Unauthorised privilege
      • Data exfiltration
      • Abnormal OS process behaviour
      • File system change or anomaly
      • Registry change or anomaly
      • Unauthorised scheduled task
    • Application-related
      • Anomalous activity
      • Introduction of new accounts
      • Unexpected output
      • Unexpected outbound communication
      • Service interruption
      • Application log

    4.4 Given a scenario, utilise basic digital forensics techniques.

    • Network
      • Wireshark
      • tcpdump
    • Endpoint
      • Disk
      • Memory
    • Mobile
    • Cloud
    • Virtualisation
    • Legal hold
    • Procedures
    • Hashing
      • Changes to binaries
    • Carving
    • Data acquisition

    5.0 Compliance and Assessment

    5.1 Understand the importance of data privacy and protection.

    • Privacy vs. security
    • Non-technical controls
      • Classification
      • Ownership
      • Retention
      • Data types
      • Retention standards
      • Confidentiality
      • Legal requirements
      • Data sovereignty
      • Data minimization
      • Purpose limitation
      • Non-disclosure agreement (NDA)
    • Technical controls
      • Encryption
      • Data loss prevention (DLP)
      • Data masking
      • Deidentification
      • Tokenization
      • Digital rights management (DRM) ?
      • Watermarking
      • Geographic access requirements
      • Access controls

    5.2 Given a scenario, apply security concepts in support of organisational risk mitigation.

    • Business impact analysis
    • Risk identification process
    • Risk calculation
      • Probability
      • Magnitude
    • Communication of risk factors
    • Risk prioritisation
      • Security controls
      • Engineering tradeoffs
    • Systems assessment
    • Documented compensating controls
    • Training and exercises
      • Red team
      • Blue team
      • White team
      • Tabletop exercise
    • Supply chain assessment
      • Vendor due diligence
      • Hardware source authenticity

    5.3 Explain the importance of frameworks, policies, procedures, and controls.

    • Frameworks
      • Risk-based
      • Prescriptive
    • Policies and procedures
      • Code of conduct/ethics
      • Acceptable use policy (AUP)
      • Password policy
      • Data ownership
      • Data retention
      • Account management
      • Continuous monitoring
      • Work product retention
    • Category
      • Managerial
      • Operational
      • Technical
    • Control type
      • Preventative
      • Detective
      • Corrective
      • Deterrent
      • Compensating
      • Physical
    • Audits and assessments
      • Regulatory
      • Compliance
    • Knowledge of basic network terminology and functions (such as OSI Model, Topology, Ethernet, Wi-Fi, switches, routers)
    • Understanding of TCP/IP addressing, core protocols, and troubleshooting tools
    • Network attack strategies and defences
    • Knowledge of the technologies and uses of cryptographic standards and products
    • Network- and host-based security technologies and practices
    • Standards and products used to enforce security on web and communications technologies

    This CompTIA Cybersecurity Analyst (CySA+) training course will prepare you to successfully achieve this in-demand certification with hands-on, scenario-based training so you’ll be ready to meet advanced persistent threats (APTs).

     

    This is an intermediate certification that is part of the CompTIA certification pathway, fitting in between the Network+ & CASP certifications. Achieving this certification validates that you have the skills as a cybersecurity analyst, that you can take an analytical approach to cybersecurity, and have the knowledge of network security tools and techniques to combat threats.

     

    Associated Certification:

    • Exam Codes: CS0-002 & CS0-003
    • Prepare for and pass the Cybersecurity Analyst (CySA+) exam
    • Threat and Vulnerability Management
    • Software and Systems Security
    • Security Operations and Monitoring
    • Incident Response
    • Compliance and Assessment

    1.0 Threat and Vulnerability Management

    1.1 Explain the importance of threat data and intelligence.

    Intelligence sources

    • Open-source intelligence
    • Proprietary/closed-source intelligence
    • Timeliness
    • Relevancy
    • Accuracy

    Indicator management

    • Structured Threat Information eXpression (STIX)
    • Trusted Automated eXchange of Indicator Information (TAXII)
    • OpenIoC

    Threat classification

    • Known threat vs. unknown threat
    • Zero-day
    • Advanced persistent threat

    Threat actors

    • Nation-state
    • Hacktivist
    • Organised crime
    • Insider threat
    • Intentional
    • Unintentional

    Intelligence cycle

    • Requirements
    • Collection
    • Analysis
    • Dissemination
    • Feedback

    Commodity malware
    Information sharing and analysis communities

    • Healthcare
    • Financial
    • Aviation
    • Government
    • Critical infrastructure

    1.2 Given a scenario, utilise threat intelligence to support organisational security.

    Attack frameworks

    • MITRE ATT&CK
    • The Diamond Model of Intrusion Analysis
    • Kill chain

    Threat research

    • Reputational
    • Behavioral
    • Indicator of compromise (IoC)
    • Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS)

    Threat modelling methodologies

    • Adversary capability
    • Total attack surface
    • Attack vector
    • Impact
    • Liklihood

    Threat intelligence sharing with supported functions

    • Incident response
    • Vulnerability management
    • Risk management
    • Security engineering
    • Detection and monitoring

    1.3 Given a scenario, perform vulnerability management activities.

    Vulnerability identification

    • Asset criticality
    • Active vs. passive scanning
    • Mapping/enumeration

    Validation

    • True positive
    • False positive – True negative
    • False negative

    Remediation/mitigation

    • Configuration baseline
    • Patching
    • Hardening
    • Compensating controls
    • Risk acceptance
    • Verification of mitigation

    Scanning parameters and criteria

    • Risks associated with scanning activities
    • Vulnerability feed
    • Scope
    • Credentialed vs. non-credentialed
    • Server-based vs. agent-based
    • Internal vs. external
    • Special considerations
    • Types of data
    • Technical constraints
    • Workflow
    • Sensitivity levels
    • Regulatory requirements
    • Segmentation
    • Intrusion prevention system (IPS), intrusion detection system (IDS), and firewall settings

    Inhibitors to remediation

    • Memorandum of understanding (MOU)
    • Service-level agreement (SLA)
    • Organisational governance
    • Business process interruption
    • Degrading functionality
    • Legacy systems

    1.4 Given a scenario, analyse the output from common vulnerability assessment tools.

    Web application scanner

    • OWASP Zed Attack Proxy (ZAP)
    • Burp suite
    • Nikto
    • Arachni

    Infrastructure vulnerability scanner

    • Nessus
    • OpenVAS
    • Qualys

    Software assessment tools and techniques

    • Static analysis
    • Dynamic analysis
    • Reverse engineering
    • Fuzzing

    Enumeration

    • Nmap
    • hping
    • Active vs. passive
    • Responder

    Wireless assessment tools

    • Aircrack-ng
    • Reaver
    • oclHashcat

    Cloud Infrastructure assessment tools

    • ScoutSuite
    • Prowler
    • Pacu

    1.5 Explain the threats and vulnerabilities associated with specialised technology.

    Mobile

    Internet of Things (IoT)

    Embedded

    Real-time operating system (RTOS)

    System-on-Chip (SoC)

    Field programmable gate array (FPGA)

    Physical access control

    Busiling automation systems

    Vehicles and drones

    • CAN bus

    Workflow and process automation systems

    Industrial control system

    Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA)

    • Modbus

    1.6 Explain the threats and vulnerabilities associated with operating in the cloud.

    Cloud service models

    • Software as a Service (SaaS)
    • Platform as a Service (PaaS)
    • Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

    Cloud deployment models

    • Public
    • Private
    • Community
    • Hybrid

    Function as a Service (FaaS)/ serverless architecture

    Infrastructure as code (IaC)

    Insecure application programming interface (API)

    Improper key management

    Unprotected storage

    Logging and monitoring

    • Insufficient logging and monitoring
    • Inability to access

    1.7 Given a scenario, implement controls to mitigate attacks and software vulnerabilities.

    Attack types

    • Extensible markup language (XML) attack
    • Structured query language (SQL) injection
    • Overflow attack
      • Buffer
      • Integer
      • Heap
    • Remote code execution
    • Directory traversal
    • Privilege escalation
    • Password spraying
    • Credential stuffing
    • Impersonation
    • Man-in-the-middle attack
    • Session hijacking
    • Rootkit
    • Cross-site scripting
      • Reflected
      • Persistent
      • Document object model (DOM)

    Vulnerabilities

    • Improper error handling
    • Dereferencing
    • Insecure object reference
    • Race condition
    • Broken authentication
    • Sensitive data exposure
    • Insecure components – Insufficient logging and monitoring – Weak or default configurations – Use of insecure functions – strcpy

    2.0 Software and Systems Security

    2.1 Given a scenario, apply security solutions for infrastructure management.

    • Cloud vs. on-premises
    • Asset management
      • Asset tagging
    • Segmentation
      • Physical
      • Virtual
      • Jumpbox
      • System isolation
      • Air gap
    • Network architecture
      • Physical
      • Software-define
      • Virtual private cloud (VPC)
      • Virtual private network (VPN)
      • Serverless
    • Change management
    • Virtualisation
      • Virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI)
    • Containerization
    • Identity and access management
      • Privilege management
      • Multifactor authentication (MFA)
      • Single sign-on (SSO)
      • Federation
      • Role-based
      • Attribute-based
      • Mandatory
      • Manual review
    • Cloud access security broker (CASB)
    • Honeypot
    • Monitoring and logging
    • Encryption
    • Certificate management
    • Active defence

    2.2 Explain software assurance best practises.

    • Platforms
      • Mobile
      • Web application
      • Client/server
      • Embedded
      • System-on-chip (SoC)
      • Firmware
    • Software development life cycle (SDLC) integration
    • DevSecOps
    • Software assessment methods
      • User acceptance testing
      • Stress test application
      • Security regression testing
      • Code review
    • Secure coding best practises
      • Input validation
      • Output encoding
      • Session management
      • Authentication
      • Data protection
      • Parameterized queries
    • Static analysis tools
    • Dynamic analysis tools
    • Formal methods for verification of critical software
    • Service-oriented architecture
      • Security Assertions Markup Language (SAML)
      • Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP)
      • Representational State Transfer (REST)
      • Microservices

    2.3 Explain hardware assurance best practises.

    • Hardware root of trust
      • Trusted platform module (TPM)
      • Hardware security module (HSM)
    • eFuse
    • Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI)
    • Trusted foundry
    • Secure processing
      • Trusted execution
      • Secure enclave
      • Processor security extensions
      • Atomic execution
    • Anti-tamper
    • Self-encrypting drive
    • Trusted firmware updates
    • Measured boot and attestation
    • Bus encryption

    3.0 Security Operations and Monitoring

    3.1 Given a scenario, analyse data as part of security monitoring activities

    • Heuristics
    • Trend analysis
    • Endpoint
      • Malware
      • Reverse engineering
      • Memory
      • System and application behaviour
      • Known-good behaviour
      • Anomalous behaviour
      • Exploit techniques
      • File system
      • User and entity behaviour analytics (UEBA)
    • Network
      • Uniform Resource Locator (URL) and domain name system (DNS) analysis
      • Domain generation algorithm
      • Flow analysis
      • Packet and protocol analysis
      • Malware
    • Log review
      • Event logs
      • Syslog
      • Firewall logs
      • Web application firewall (WAF)
      • Proxy
      • Intrusion detection system (IDS)/ Intrusion prevention system (IPS)
    • Impact analysis
      • Organisation impact vs. localised impact
      • Immediate vs. total
    • Security information and event management (SIEM) review
      • Rule writing
      • Known-bad Internet protocol (IP)
      • Dashboard
    • Query writing
      • String search
      • Script
      • Piping
    • E-mail analysis
      • Malicious payload
      • Domain Keys Identified Mail (DKIM)
      • Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting, and Conformance (DMARC)
      • Sender Policy Framework (SPF)
      • Phishing
      • Forwarding
      • Digital signature
      • E-mail signature block
      • Embedded links
      • Impersonation
      • Header

    3.2 Given a scenario, implement configuration changes to existing controls to improve security.

    • Permissions
    • Whitelisting
    • Blacklisting
    • Firewall
    • Intrusion prevention system (IPS) rules
    • Data loss prevention (DLP)
    • Endpoint detection and response (EDR)
    • Network access control (NAC)
    • Sinkholing
    • Malware signatures
      • Development/rule writing
    • Sandboxing
    • Port security

    3.3 Explain the importance of proactive threat hunting

    • Establishing a hypothesis
    • Profiling threat actors and activities
    • Threat hunting tactics
      • Executable process analysis
    • Reducing the attack surface area
    • Bundling critical assets
    • Attack vectors
    • Integrated intelligence
    • Improving detection capabilities

    3.4 Compare and contrast automation concepts and technologies.

    • Workflow orchestration
      • Security Orchestration, Automation, and Response (SOAR)
    • Scripting
    • Application programming interface (API) integration
    • Automated malware signature creation
    • Data enrichment
    • Threat feed combination
    • Machine learning
    • Use of automation protocols and standards
      • Security Content Automation Protocol (SCAP)
    • Continuous integration
    • Continuous deployment/delivery

    4.0 Incident Response

    4.1 Explain the importance of the incident response process.

    • Communication plan
      • Limiting communication to trusted parties
      • Disclosing based on regulatory/ legislative requirements
      • Preventing inadvertent release of information
      • Using a secure method of communication
      • Reporting requirements
    • Response coordination with relevant entities
      • Legal Human resources
      • Public relations
      • Internal and external
      • Law enforcement
      • Senior leadership
      • Regulatory bodies
    • Factors contributing to data criticality
      • Personally identifiable information (PII)
      • Personal health information (PHI)
      • Sensitive personal information (SPI)
      • High value asset
      • Financial information
      • Intellectual property
      • Corporate information

    4.2 Given a scenario, apply the appropriate incident response procedure.

    • Preparation
      • Training
      • Testing
      • Documentation of procedures
    • Detection and analysis
      • Characteristics contributing to severity level classification
      • Downtime
      • Recovery time
      • Data integrity
      • Economic
      • System process criticality
      • Reverse engineering
      • Data correlation
    • Containment
      • Segmentation
      • Isolation
    • Eradication and recovery
      • Vulnerability mitigation
      • Sanitization
      • Reconstruction/reimaging
      • Secure disposal
      • Patching
      • Restoration of permissions
      • Reconstitution of resources
      • Restoration of capabilities and services
      • Verification of logging/ communication to security monitoring
    • Post-incident activities
      • Evidence retention
      • Lessons learned report
      • Change control process
      • Incident response plan update
      • Incident summary report
      • IoC generation
      • Monitoring

    4.3 Given an incident, analyse potential indicators of compromise.

    • Network-related
      • Bandwidth consumption
      • Beaconing
      • Irregular peer-to-peer communication
      • Rogue device on the network
      • Scan/sweep
      • Unusual traffic spike
      • Common protocol over non-standard port
    • Host-related
      • Processor consumption
      • Memory consumption
      • Drive capacity consumption
      • Unauthorised software
      • Malicious process
      • Unauthorised change
      • Unauthorised privilege
      • Data exfiltration
      • Abnormal OS process behaviour
      • File system change or anomaly
      • Registry change or anomaly
      • Unauthorised scheduled task
    • Application-related
      • Anomalous activity
      • Introduction of new accounts
      • Unexpected output
      • Unexpected outbound communication
      • Service interruption
      • Application log

    4.4 Given a scenario, utilise basic digital forensics techniques.

    • Network
      • Wireshark
      • tcpdump
    • Endpoint
      • Disk
      • Memory
    • Mobile
    • Cloud
    • Virtualisation
    • Legal hold
    • Procedures
    • Hashing
      • Changes to binaries
    • Carving
    • Data acquisition

    5.0 Compliance and Assessment

    5.1 Understand the importance of data privacy and protection.

    • Privacy vs. security
    • Non-technical controls
      • Classification
      • Ownership
      • Retention
      • Data types
      • Retention standards
      • Confidentiality
      • Legal requirements
      • Data sovereignty
      • Data minimization
      • Purpose limitation
      • Non-disclosure agreement (NDA)
    • Technical controls
      • Encryption
      • Data loss prevention (DLP)
      • Data masking
      • Deidentification
      • Tokenization
      • Digital rights management (DRM) ?
      • Watermarking
      • Geographic access requirements
      • Access controls

    5.2 Given a scenario, apply security concepts in support of organisational risk mitigation.

    • Business impact analysis
    • Risk identification process
    • Risk calculation
      • Probability
      • Magnitude
    • Communication of risk factors
    • Risk prioritisation
      • Security controls
      • Engineering tradeoffs
    • Systems assessment
    • Documented compensating controls
    • Training and exercises
      • Red team
      • Blue team
      • White team
      • Tabletop exercise
    • Supply chain assessment
      • Vendor due diligence
      • Hardware source authenticity

    5.3 Explain the importance of frameworks, policies, procedures, and controls.

    • Frameworks
      • Risk-based
      • Prescriptive
    • Policies and procedures
      • Code of conduct/ethics
      • Acceptable use policy (AUP)
      • Password policy
      • Data ownership
      • Data retention
      • Account management
      • Continuous monitoring
      • Work product retention
    • Category
      • Managerial
      • Operational
      • Technical
    • Control type
      • Preventative
      • Detective
      • Corrective
      • Deterrent
      • Compensating
      • Physical
    • Audits and assessments
      • Regulatory
      • Compliance
    • Knowledge of basic network terminology and functions (such as OSI Model, Topology, Ethernet, Wi-Fi, switches, routers)
    • Understanding of TCP/IP addressing, core protocols, and troubleshooting tools
    • Network attack strategies and defences
    • Knowledge of the technologies and uses of cryptographic standards and products
    • Network- and host-based security technologies and practices
    • Standards and products used to enforce security on web and communications technologies
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